HashiCorp Vault — Benchmarks

Scope

Performance characteristics, scaling limits, and resource consumption for HashiCorp Vault.

Request Performance

Operation	Single Node	3-Node HA (Raft)	Notes
KV read	5,000-10,000 req/s	5,000-8,000 req/s	Read on leader
KV write	2,000-5,000 req/s	1,500-3,000 req/s	Raft consensus overhead
PKI sign	500-1,000 req/s	400-800 req/s	CPU-intensive
Transit encrypt	3,000-7,000 req/s	2,500-5,000 req/s	AES-GCM
Token create	2,000-5,000 req/s	1,500-3,000 req/s	Storage write

Resource Sizing

Deployment	CPU	Memory	Storage	Concurrent Clients
Dev	1	1Gi	10Gi	< 50
Small prod	2	4Gi	50Gi	50-200
Medium prod	4	8Gi	100Gi	200-1,000
Large prod	8	16Gi+	500Gi	1,000+

Scaling Limits

Dimension	Limit	Notes
Active secrets	1M+	Storage backend dependent
Secret engines	1,000+	Impacts startup time
Policies	10,000+	Policy evaluation < 1ms
Leases	300,000 default	max_lease_count tunable
Raft cluster	5 voting nodes	3-5 recommended