Operations

Scope

Production deployment patterns, operational procedures, performance tuning, and troubleshooting for OpenNebula.

Deployment

Frontend Installation

# Install OpenNebula frontend (Debian/Ubuntu)
apt-get install opennebula opennebula-sunstone opennebula-fireedge

# Start services
systemctl start opennebula opennebula-sunstone opennebula-fireedge

# Default admin access
cat /var/lib/one/.one/one_auth  # oneadmin:password

KVM Node Setup

# Install on compute nodes
apt-get install opennebula-node-kvm

# Add node to cluster
onehost create node1 -i kvm -v kvm

VM Management

# Create VM from template
onetemplate instantiate mytemplate --name myvm

# VM lifecycle
onevm resume <id>
onevm suspend <id>
onevm poweroff <id>
onevm shutdown <id>

# Live migration
onevm migrate <id> <target_host> --live

Monitoring

# Check host status
onehost list
onehost show <id>

# Check VM status
onevm list
onevm show <id>

# Cluster monitoring
onecluster list

Common Issues

Issue	Diagnosis	Fix
VM stuck in PENDING	onevm show <id>	Check host capacity, scheduler
Migration fails	Check libvirt connectivity	Verify SSH keys between hosts
Sunstone login fails	Check sunstone.log	Restart sunstone service
Storage full	onedatastore list	Clean up images, add storage

---

Commands & Recipes

VM Lifecycle

# Create VM from template
onevm create --name myvm --template "My Template"

# List VMs
onevm list

# Show VM details
onevm show myvm

# Suspend / Resume
onevm suspend myvm
onevm resume myvm

# Live migrate
onevm migrate --live myvm target-host

# Snapshot
onevm disk-snapshot-create myvm 0 snap-01

# Terminate
onevm terminate myvm

Template Management

# Create template
onetemplate create <<EOF
NAME = "ubuntu-24"
CPU = 2
VCPU = 2
MEMORY = 4096
DISK = [
  IMAGE = "Ubuntu 24.04",
  SIZE = 20480
]
NIC = [
  NETWORK = "Private"
]
CONTEXT = [
  SSH_PUBLIC_KEY = "\$USER[SSH_PUBLIC_KEY]",
  NETWORK = "YES"
]
EOF

# List templates
onetemplate list
onetemplate instantiate "ubuntu-24"

Host Management

# Add host
onehost create kvm-host-01 --im kvm --vm kvm

# List hosts with status
onehost list

# Enable / Disable (maintenance)
onehost disable kvm-host-01
onehost enable kvm-host-01

# Monitor host resources
onehost monitoring kvm-host-01

Networking

# Create virtual network
onevnet create <<EOF
NAME = "Private"
VN_MAD = "bridge"
BRIDGE = "br0"
AR = [
  TYPE = "IP4",
  IP = "10.0.0.100",
  SIZE = "100"
]
EOF

# List networks
onevnet list

# Reserve IP range
onevnet addar Private --ip 10.0.0.200 --size 10

Storage

# Create datastore (Ceph)
onedatastore create <<EOF
NAME = "ceph-ds"
TM_MAD = "ceph"
DS_MAD = "ceph"
CEPH_HOST = "ceph-mon1 ceph-mon2 ceph-mon3"
CEPH_USER = "libvirt"
CEPH_SECRET = "uuid-here"
POOL_NAME = "one"
EOF

# List images
oneimage list

# Upload image
oneimage create --name "Ubuntu 24.04" \
  --path /var/tmp/ubuntu-24.04.qcow2 \
  --driver qcow2 \
  --datastore default

OneFlow (Services)

# Create multi-tier service
oneflow-template create service.json
oneflow create "My Service"
oneflow list
oneflow scale "My Service" "web" 5  # scale web tier

System Administration

# Check daemon status
systemctl status opennebula opennebula-scheduler opennebula-sunstone

# View oned logs
tail -f /var/log/one/oned.log

# Database backup
onedb backup /var/lib/one/backup/one.db.$(date +%Y%m%d)

# Upgrade check
onedb version
onedb fsck  # consistency check

Sources

• CLI Reference